A group of living things
Animals
Metazoa
One hungry family, from sponges to blue whales.
Its members' last common ancestor lived about 700 million years ago.
You are part of this group. See how.
You are an animal, and so is every animal from a sponge to a blue whale. Every animal is many cells working as one body. Every animal must eat other living or dead things to live. That sets animals apart from most plants, which make food from sunlight. On this tree, the group sitting beside animals is fungi.
The group holds three very different branches. Sponges are lumpy and full of tiny holes, with no head, tail or eyes. Each jellyfish, and each tiny animal in a coral, is built like a wheel, with a ring of tentacles around one mouth. Some of them stay fixed to rock like a stalk. Others swim as a soft bell. Most two-sided animals have a head end and a tail end, with matching left and right sides. They run from worms and insects to fish and whales.
Animals live almost everywhere, from shallow rockpools to the deep sea and high mountains. They run from specks too small to see to the blue whale, about as long as three buses in a line.
Most have no backbone
About 97 in every 100 kinds of animal have no backbone.
Sponges pump to live
Grown-up sponges stay fixed in one place and pump water through their bodies to feed and get oxygen. Their young swim before they settle down.
Tiny stingers that fire fast
Jellyfish and corals catch food with tiny stingers that fire with about 40,000 times the pull of gravity.
Inside animals
- Venus' flower basketA deep-sea sponge with a lace skeleton of glass; it has no brain, nerves or muscles.
- Jellyfish and coralsStinging-cell animals; a coral reef is built by tiny jellyfish relatives.
- Two-sided animalsA left, a right, a front and a back: the body plan of worms, insects, octopuses and you.